Do fathers use the same features of child-language as mothers and how does parental usage of CDS compare The WritePass Journal

Do fathers utilize similar highlights of youngster language as moms and how does parental use of CDS analyze Do fathers utilize similar highlights of youngster language as moms and how does parental utilization of CDS think about Section 1: INTRODUCTION1.1 TOPIC AREA1.2 FOCUS OF STUDY1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION1.4 STRUCTURE OF STUDYCHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 FIRST STUDY IN THE FIELD 2.2 †DIFFERENTIAL EXPERIENCE HYPOTHESIS2.3 †FINE-TUNING HYPOTHESIS 2.4 †TOTAL LANGUAGE PRODUCED 2.5 †STRUCTURAL AND LEXICAL ASPECTS2.6 †FUNCTIONAL AND CONVERSATIONAL ASPECTS2.7 †SUMMARY AND RESEARCH QUESTIONSCHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 3.1 †PILOT STUDY3.2 †THE SUBJECTS3.3 †DATA COLLECTION3.4 †DATA TRANSCRIPTION3.5 VARIABLESCHAPTER 4: RESULTS4.1 †THE AMOUNT OF PARENTAL SPEECH4.2 COMPLEXITY 4.3 †THE FUNCTIONS OF PARENTAL SPEECH Related Section 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 TOPIC AREA Kid coordinated discourse (CDS) has been vital to explore since the time Noam Chomsky proclaimed it to be a ‘degenerate’, ‘deficient’, ‘impoverished’ structure, (Fletcher MacWhinney, 1995) expressing kids couldn't get familiar with the guidelines of a language by hearing such complex information. Different examinations have demonstrated that grown-up input is in no way, shape or form as intricate as Chomskyan speculations had accepted. Such examinations have seen that grown-up youngster association is to some degree not the same as grown-up grown-up communication, offering ascend to the finding that grown-ups for the most part adjust their discourse when conversing with kids, which is named ‘CDS’ or ‘motherese’ as it is in any case known. Some normal highlights have been ascribed to this extraordinary discourse register. These highlights are said to incorporate shorter sentences, plainly fragmented more slow discourse, phonologically rearranged expressions, limited jargon, overstated prosody, redundancies and developments. The language utilized is supposed to be obliged to ‘the here and now’ and identified with the child’s focal point of consideration and progressing movement (Harley, 2008), which all things considered outcome in viable correspondence among guardians and their youngsters and furthermore add to the speed and simplicity of a child’s language obtaining (Snow 1972). 1.2 FOCUS OF STUDY As kid coordinated discourse is frequently named ‘motherese’ it gives a deceptive impression that fathers have a unimportant effect upon youngster language improvement. Subsequently, why the verbal condition gave by the dad has been generally overlooked until late years. Be that as it may, the ever-changing family jobs and changes in regular male-female generalizations in western culture have impacted an adjustment in the idea of child rearing, which has offered ascend to the presentation of investigation into fatherly contribution to kids. The late twentieth century has seen an expansion in fathers receiving the essential guardian job, which has prompted the prominence of ‘stay-at-home dads’. While keeping an eye on the prompt needs of youngsters was generally viewed as a female duty, these days that isn't the situation as it is getting progressively famous for moms to be in work. In this way, various examinations since the 1970’s have found dads jus t as moms produce the common alterations of CDS in their discourse to kids, consequently the proposal that guys give a similarly enormous help to kid language advancement as females (Berko-Gleason 1975). The extent of the writing around there is to some degree constrained, anyway research has demonstrated that the most significant highlights of CDS are kept up by fatherly information; effortlessness, well-formedness, reiteration and promptness, (Berko-Gleason 1975) which has offered ascend to the recently authored term ‘fatherese’. In any case, there is an irregularity in the discoveries of the investigations in this area. 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION The exploration question fundamental to this thesis is do fathers utilize similar highlights of youngster language as moms and how does parental utilization of CDS think about. The center will consider the parental contribution to two language-learning kin, at various phases of language improvement. 1.4 STRUCTURE OF STUDY Following this presentation, a writing survey tends to the discoveries of various existing examinations in the field of sexual orientation explicit youngster coordinated discourse. The procedure area clarifies how this examination was done, including a depiction of the subjects watched, the techniques for information catch, translation and the factors utilized for investigation, trailed by a portrayal of the outcomes assembled in the examination and a conversation of the discoveries and issues experienced all through the study.â To finish up the examination, the result of the investigation will be connected back to the survey of writing so as to address how the discoveries fit in with what is as of now known in the field of sex explicit CDS. Part 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 FIRST STUDY IN THE FIELD The examination of Jean Berko-Gleason (1975) was the first in the region of CDS to think about a fatherly commitment. She led an investigation to decide if the characterized highlights of CDS were restricted to the discourse of moms or in the event that they could be portrayed as an element of grown-up language to youngsters. Before the conduction of the examination it was of inquiry whether there was such an unbelievable marvel as men’s discourse to kids by any stretch of the imagination, as a past report offered an unusual expression that men just spend a normal of 37.7 seconds of the day occupied with discourse cooperation with their kids (Berko-Gleason 1975). Berko-Gleason overruled this finding expressing fathers do converse with their youngsters, however her examination was not exclusively orientated around fatherly info. She talked about unpublished examinations into the discourse of moms and fathers in cooperations in their home settings and furthermore tons of collabo rations in a day-care setting, investigating all the more comprehensively the discourse of ‘non-mothers’. While tending to kids in a home setting, the exploration demonstrated that there are a few likenesses in the discourse styles of male and female grown-ups, however it likewise states that distinctions emerge due to the father’s job. It was attested that fathers perform a large number of the qualities credited to â€Å"motherese†, for example, controlling their discourse to the ‘hear and now’, and impressively streamlining the length of their discourse, as fathers were found to utilize a comparable mean length of articulation (MLU) to moms. In any case, it is attested that moms are increasingly touchy to their child’s ages in groups of more than one youngster, expressing they guided less intricate articulations to their more youthful kids and progressively complex expressions to the more seasoned of the kin (Berko-Gleason 1975). An o ccasion where a dad tended to the more youthful of his kids with an increasingly unpredictable articulation is referenced, proposing an absence of affectability for fatherly benefit. The examination concerned likewise recognized the kinds of sentences utilized by every one of the guardians, summing up from a subjective perspective that fathers utilize more straightforward goals and created more dangers just as rarer jargon. This progressively visit utilization of uncommon jargon could likewise intriguingly add to the judgment that fathers are less touchy than moms. The exploration accumulated in the communications of day-care instructors further bolstered the discoveries in regards to affectability, as the information watched a sudden lexical use by a male educator towards a multi year old. This recommends more vulnerable affectability is normal for ‘male’ language towards youngsters as connect to the more choked ‘father’ language. Berko-Gleason attests tha t despite the fact that â€Å"fathers are not too checked out their youngsters as moms are in the customary family circumstance: they don't need to figure out how to take care of unpretentious signs from the kid, and much of the time have no punishment to pay for any absence of attentionthere are most likely genuine and broad impacts that outcome from the fact† (1975; 293). She additionally inspected an investigation of sexual orientation explicit CDS in a narrating circumstance, in which fathers were said to focus on the movement of recounting to a story as opposed to utilizing the story to encourage cooperation with the kid, which was trademark conduct of moms. The moms in this examination were accounted for to pose a ton of inquiries to guarantee their youngster completely comprehended the movement. Berko-Gleason kept up that â€Å"the youngsters needed to strive more for the dads, and invest more energy to make themselves both heard and comprehended. Along these lines, f athers can be viewed as a scaffold to the outside world, driving the kid to change their language so as to be understood† (1975; 293). This offered ascend to the ‘Bridge Hypothesis’ proposed by Berko-Gleason; (Dato 1975; 294) keeping up that addressing fathers who are less delicate than moms as far as language use, gives kids the semantic aptitudes required for conversing with outsiders and individuals in increasingly unique settings. Logically, Berko-Gleason takes note of that â€Å"the fathers’ language plainly demarked their job inside a family: a dad playing with his little child may sever the game to send the kid to his mom to have his diaper changed† (Dato 1975: 291). 2.2 †DIFFERENTIAL EXPERIENCE HYPOTHESIS Like the Bridge Hypothesis as far as affectability is what is known as the ‘Differential Experience Hypothesis’, (McLaughlin, White, McDevitt Raskin 1983, Lewis Gregory 1987) which is conjectured based on discoveries that moms offer progressively etymological help for their kids because of the reality they are more sensitive to the child’s needs and capacities. Fathers, then again, are believed to be less touchy to children’s’ abilities, which sees them being more phonetically requesting than

Obesity: Logic and Marion Nestle

â€Å"Obesity: Who is Responsible for Our Weight? † In the exposition, â€Å"Obesity: Who Is Responsible for Our Weight? † Radley Balko clarifies his contention on stoutness; we are answerable for what we eat. By and large, the qualities were clear and convincing in this article. One quality in his paper was his primary concern, we are answerable for our own weight. He clarifies that we are in charge of what we expend, and the administration ought not be liable for that. This draws in the peruser to think, should we truly accuse the legislature, or is ourselves to fault. This primary concern approves all his reasoning.Another quality is his capacity to clarify why government intercession is superfluous to stoutness. For instance, he specifies that Oakland Mayor Jerry Brown is leading to have a Fat Tax on fatty food, where food cafés must rundown their fat, calories, and so on every feast. Also, rather they ought to advance individual sense mindfulness. By and large thi s article had a bigger number of shortcomings than qualities. In spite of the fact that his side of the contention is totally evident, his thinking weren’t obviously point by point. For instance, Radley Balko just focused on the government’s intercession on obesity.But what ought to have followed that is the food business organizations that permit this, not simply the legislature. In addition to the fact that he lacked detail, yet additionally he didn’t think about the purpose of hereditary qualities. A few Americans don't get stout by decision, however by hereditary qualities. The individuals who are influenced by hereditary qualities might be very still, small voice of what they eat, yet it despite everything does no equity in view of their qualities. This debilitated his article. Another shortcoming is that he concentrates a lot on the government’s intercession on weight; rather he ought to have recorded more motivations to why stoutness is an individu al problem.Taken in general, the paper was exceptionally short, and required a significant stretch of time to arrive at the point. â€Å"Are You Responsible for Your Own Weight? † I saw this as a solid, intriguing contentious exposition by Kelly Brownell and Marion Nestle. One quality identifies with the satisfaction on eye catching in their initial sentence. Brownell and Nestle advises us that the food business resembles some other business: they should develop. This makes an admirable sentiment, and gets the perusers considerations which prompts needing to peruse more.Mentioning the counter-contention that stoutness is a moral duty is additionally a quality. This tells the peruser that she is understanding to the restricting contention, while making hers understood. Another quality is the way that gives a few models why moral obligation isn’t to accuse which incorporates; heftiness is developing a seemingly endless amount of time after year, it’s human science for people to be pulled in to great food with high calories, the default approach of advancement of eating better and practicing more has fizzled for different years, and how moral duty is a trap.Not just did they have various models, they had clear thinking for every model, which demonstrates they thoroughly considered their contention on corpulence. In spite of the fact that this was an exceptionally solid, persuading article, there were a few shortcomings. The principal shortcoming is the ignorance of government’s genuine job in business. In America, our arrangement towards business depends carefully on the idea of Laissez Faire. Free enterprise implies permitting industry to be liberated from state mediation, particularly limitations as taxes and government monopolies.This is an exceptionally known idea to numerous Americans, and this debilitates her contention. Another shortcoming is Brownell and Nestle referencing they’re mindful to moral duty, yet didn’t obviously give any thinking to that. Generally speaking, they paper was very much organized and scarcely had any shortcomings. The exposition â€Å"Are You Responsible for Your Own Weight? † gives an all the more convincing contention. Above all else this article was obviously organized, which made it simpler to peruse. The principal article was not as simple to peruse, and not as structured.Brownell and Nestle recorded their thinking, which made their focuses understood consoling no disarray. Where as to Balko, there were scarcely any clarified focuses in his article, which made it difficult to follow. Likewise, Brownell and Nestle are substantially more convincing. They gave clear clarified instances of why we are by all account not the only ones answerable for corpulence while Balko had little to none instances of why we are capable. Through and through, Marion Nestle and Kelly Brownell gave an increasingly powerful contention on weight and whose answerable for it than Ra dley Balko.

Multi agency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Multi office - Essay Example The investigations attempt to make a connection between multi-calling and terms, for example, multi-disciplinary, multi-organization, between proficient, between office, and cooperating. A point by point investigation by Bach inferred that multi-polished methodology manages a more extensive gathering, where as between demonstrable skill manages two expert gatherings cooperating (Bach , 2011). Another investigation by Walshe characterized multi-polished methodology as a training that includes proficient gatherings, however does exclude collaboration(Walshe, 2006). For example, specialists may concur with a patient on a mediation, however each specialist works independently to give the intercession concurred. Bach contends that multi-polished skill is working across limits to meet the customers’ needs (Bach 2009). The term multi-organization is exceptionally regular in social consideration settings. Multi-office portrays multi-demonstrable skill with inclusion of administrations, for example, instruction, lodging, and lodging laborers all cooperating to offer types of assistance for a person. In any case, the administration collector and supplier will likewise be a piece of multi-office work, and studies call this joining forces working(Alder, 2011). From the above conversations, it is obvious there are various terms that characterize multi-proficient working. Be that as it may, all the terms mean something very similar. The term multi-proficient working is regularly utilized in written works on the grounds that the most significant components of multi-proficient practice movement are coordinated effort and cooperation, which are vital in conveying services(Alder, 2011). There are numerous components that impact the development of multi-calling practice. The paper will cover different drivers for multi-proficient practice. The most powerful driver is the legislature since it assigns the assets that make multi-calling rehearses approaches occur. There are reasons why individuals cooperate Most government strategies consistently secure the powerless individuals. There is

Steroids In Sports - Free Essay Example

Should performance enhancing drugs (such as steroids) be accepted in sports? The United States of America is by far the most superior country of them all. America is not only known as the land of opportunity and for its guns, but for sports too. The countrys greatest past time is athletic events, whether it is football, baseball, soccer, or competing in the Olympics. Sports have always been involved in the American culture, it goes as far back as the country itself. The most fascinating part about sports that people love to watch is the competition and the motivation to win. This urge and drive to win becomes so strong that athletes tend to use outside sources to give themselves a little bit of an edge. When discussing an argument or a debate topic, there is always two sides, who have different or opposing ideas. The argument here is about illegal drugs in sports to help players perform better. The people who are in support of steroids and the others who are against the use of drugs, they are both stakeholders to the situation. Besides the athletes that chose to take performance enhancing drugs, the athletes that do not take drugs are also affected by this as well. Players have to strive to be the best the can be to perform better, but when athletes cheat and use drugs it is not fair to those who play by the rules. The debate over athletes using steroids is nothing new, but studies show that in recent years, more and more players are using drugs to give themselves an edge over the opponent. Steroids are illegal just about everywhere; however, what is starting to be the issue now is the safety and health concerns of using steroids. The side-effects and drawbacks are becoming greater and greater, but athletes are not paying attention to this, because their eyes are still on the prize. The use of doping agents, particularly anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), has changed from being a problem restricted to sports to one of public-health concern. Most serious athletes will tell you that the competitive drive to win can be extremely strong. Besides the personal accomplishments and records, athletes often pursue winning a medal for their country or earning a spot on a professional team. In these situations, the use of performance-enhancing drugs has become increasingly common. Steroids are called performancing drugs for a reason, they make you perform on a whole new level. Some players like the way these drugs makes them play, so they juice up more and more. Eventually this leads to extreme cases of taking steroids the results can be deadly, or very severe. One of the most common sport field that uses steroids is in bodybuilding and professional weight lifting. Besides all the negative side effects of using steroids, if used properly and safely, steroids can produce very satisfying results. Two of the biggest and most sought after results of using steroids is superhuman strength and massive amounts of muscle growth of muscle in a very short period of time. This is why most bodybuilders use steroids in order to maximize muscle growth and in the end to win Mr. Olympia or The Worlds Strongest Man. Two other benefits that steroids yield is, cardiovascular strength and fast muscle recovery. When weight lifting and strength training one big key factor is recovery, the faster you recover and your muscles repair themselves the faster you can get bigger and stronger. Anabolic Androgenic Steroidslike testosterone, that builds muscle and masculinize (hair, deep voice, sex). Glucocorticosteroidslike cortisone or prednisone, that are anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressants used in swelling, rashes, asthma, or bronchitis. Minerocorticosteroidslike vasopressin, that are produced by the adrenal glands for salt and water regulation. The most common steroid is testosterone. One doctor describes steroids as playing poker and winning. When a player is at poker table and they are winning, the player is getting all the money. So they keep playing, but here is the catch they cant leave the table or they lose all their money. How is steroids like a poker game? According to the FDA, when the male body is on testosterone, the natural levels of testosterone go down, because the body doesnt have to produce as much since it is being supplemented. This leads to male reproductive problems, emotional problems, and more. If athletes are okay with these side effects, then they have to worry about their life it self. Steroids has been linked to multiple cases of ending peoples lives early. A famous bodybuilding, Rich Piana, died unexpectedly at the age of 46 when he went into cardiac arrest. He was known for juicing up to perform better in competitions, these drugs ended his life. One of the most infamous stories about drug use is in the sport of baseball with a 3rd baseman named Alex Rodriguez. Alex played for the New York Yankees, which is one of the leagues elite teams, in 2013 when he was suspended for using performance enhancing drugs. He was suspended for 162 games or roughly a full year of baseball. A reporter, George Mitchell, discovered that dozens of baseball players as having used steroids and described their use as widespread. Track star Marion Jones pleaded guilty to lying to investigators about steroid use in October. And last summer, several riders were disqualified from the Tour de France on charges of using banned substances. Those who oppose the use of steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs say that the athletes who use them are breaking the rules and getting an unfair advantage over others. Medical professionals say the athletes are endangering not only their own health, but also indirectly encouraging young athletes to start doing the same thing. Athletes are going to take steroids and turn to doping regardless of the rules. Drug use in cycling is seemingly as old as the sport itself, and baseball players have tried to cut corners wherever possible, whether it be with spitballs, corked bats, stimulants or steroids. It doesnt justify the actions of Armstrong, Cabrera or Colon they knew the rules and chose to break them but the current system has continually failed to establish a level playing field for the worlds most talented athletes. Legalizing steroids, doping and other performance enhancers would finally set an even bar, and that would just be the first of many benefits, Chris Smith (Forbes Staff). Others who are in favor of legalizing steroids and other performance enhancing drugs, are in favor that people will always get there hands on these drugs. There is no stopping it, so the illegal just might as well be lagal. Some players are admit that they are cautious due to all the side effects with steroids, but new researching is showing that these drugs are becoming safer and more effective. Another main point of the people who support steroids share is that, all of sports across the world would be more interesting, due to more points, bigger tackles, and yes more roid rage. Roid rage is common term used in sports to describe a player that is hyped up or angry enough to lose their cool. Some athletes take a form of steroids † known as anabolic-androgen steroids or just anabolic steroids, to increase their muscle mass and strength. The main anabolic steroid hormone produced by your body is testosterone. Testosterone has two main effects on your body: Anabolic effects promote muscle building, Androgenic effects are responsible for male traits, such as facial hair and a deeper voice. Some athletes take straight testosterone to boost their performance. Frequently, the anabolic steroids that athletes use are synthetic modifications of testosterone. Many athletes take anabolic steroids at doses that are much higher than those prescribed for medical reasons, this causes many risk. Anabolic steroids come with serious physical side effects as well. Men may develop, Prominent breasts, Baldness, Shrunken testicles, Infertility, Impotence, Prostate gland enlargement. This risk are extremely harmful the human health yet athletes still use steroids and other performance drugs despite the negative side effects. With all this being said. Drug use is on the rise and has been increasing. New technologies are creating legal drugs but still give an edge to athletes. So if legal drugs are being made, is it still cheating if athletes are performing better?

Chemistry Abbreviations Starting with the Letter T

Chemistry abbreviations and acronyms are common in all fields of science. This collection offers common abbreviations and acronyms beginning with the letter T used in chemistry and chemical engineering. Abbreviations and Acronyms Starting With T T: Period of a waveT: Tera prefixT: Thyminet: timeT: TritiumTa: TantalumTaC: Tantalum CarbideTAC: Tri acetyl CelluloseTAG: TriAcylGlyceridetan: tangentTAN: Total Acid NumberTAS: Total Analysis SystemTAS: Total Alkali versus SilicaTAT: TriAcetone TriperoxideTb: TerbiumTBA: TertButylArsineTBA: 2,4,6-TriBromoAnisoleTBP: True Boiling PointTBC: 4-TertButylCatecholTBT: TriButylTinTBHQ: TertButylHydroQuinoneTc: TechnitiumTC: Temperature CompensatedTC: Temperature ControlledTC: Theoretical ChemistryTc: Critical TemperatureTCA: TauroCholic AcidTCA: TCA cycle (citric acid cycle)TCA: TriChloroAcetic AcidTCE: TriChloroEthaneTCF: ThiolCarbon FiberTCM: TetraChloromethaneTCP: Thermal Conversion ProcessTCP: TocopherolTCP: TriCalcium PhosphateTCP: TriChloroPhenolTCP: 1,2,3-TriChloropropaneTCS: Toxic Chemical SystemTCT: ToCoTrienolTCV: Temperature Control ValveTCVF: Two Chamber Vacuum FurnaceTD: Temperature DisplacementTD: Thermal DepositionTDA: Thermal Dilatometric AnalysisTDC: Three Degrees Centigra deTDG: ThymineDNA GlycosylaseTDI: Tolerable Daily IntakeTDI: Toluene DiIsonateTDO: Tryptophan 2,3-DiOxygenaseTDP: Thermal DePolymerizationTDP: Thymidine DiPhosphateTDP: Thiamine DiPhosphateTe: TelluriumTEA: Terminal Electron AcceptorTEC: Thermal Electric CoolerTEL: Tetra Ethyl LeadTFM: Total Fatty MatterTh: ThoriumTHC: Tetra Hydra CannabinolTHM: TriHaloMethanes TI - Thermal IndexTi: TitaniumTIC: Total Ion CurrentTIMS: Thermal Ionization Mass SpectroscopyTIP: TrisIsopropyl PhenylTl: ThalliumTLC: Thin Layer ChromatographyTLV: Toxic Level ValueTm: ThuliumTM: Transition MetalTMD: Theoretical Maximum DensityTMG: TriMethylGlycineTMMA: TetraMethylMalonAmideTMP: TriMethylPhosphateTMS: TriMethylSilaneTNB: TriNitroBenzeneTNT: TriNitroTolueneTNS: Test No EtherTOBSY: Total ThroughBond Correlation SpectroscopyTOC: Total Organic CarbonTOI: Table Of IsotopesTON: Table Of NuclidesTOX: ToxicTP: Triple PointTP: Transition PointTPE: Thermoplastic ElastomerTPM: Total Particulate MatterTR: Table RowTRAP : Tartrate Resistant Acid PhosphataseTRFM: Time-Resolved Fluorescence MicroscopyTRP: TryptophanTS: Temperature SensitiveTSCB: TriSilaCycloButaneTSP: Thermally Stable PolycrystallineTSP: TriSodium PhosphateTSPM: Total Suspended Particulate MatterTSS: Total Soluble SolidsTST: Transitional State TheoryTT: Test TubeTTC: Triphenyl Tetrazolium ChlorideTTFD: Thiamine TetraHydroFurfurylDisulfideTTLC: Total Threshold Limit ConcentrationTTO: Total Toxic OrganicsTTP: Thymine TriPhosphateTTX: TetrodotoxinTU: Thermally UnboundTWMC: Time-Weighted Mean ConcentrationTWV: Total Water Vapor

Hamlet, By William Shakespeare - 1920 Words

In the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the character Hamlet must deal with both external and internal conflict. Hamlet encounters many struggles and has trouble finding a way to deal with them. With so many corrupt people in his life, Hamlet feels as if there is no one that he can trust and begins to isolate himself from others. A result from this isolation leads Hamlet to become melancholy. Hamlet struggles with suicidal thoughts, wants to kill King Claudius, and is distraught over his mother’s hasty marriage with his uncle Claudius. Hamlets contemplation of ending his life shows an inward conflict within himself. In his first soliloquy, he debates whether he should commit suicide. To be, or not to be- / that is the question: / whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer/ the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, / or to take arms against a sea of troubles and by opposing, end them (3.1. lines 64-68 Shakespeare). He questions why he should live with all of this chaos but overcomes this internal conflict because he acknowledges that in his religion suicide is a sin. â€Å"O, that this too, too sullied flesh would melt, / Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew, / or that the everlasting had not fixed His canon gainst (self-slaughter). O God! God!† (1.2. lines 133-136 Shakespeare). This soliloquy signifies the reality of Hamlet s internal conflict and also shows the reality of his external conflict with the society he is surrounded by. This declamation establishesShow MoreRelatedHamlet, By William Shakespeare880 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is praised as the pioneering English poet and playwright whose collection of theatrical works is regarded as the greatest artistic value throughout the history of English literature. Shakespeare delved into the spiritual and mental component of humanity and the consequences that arise from this human spirit when it is disputed. The most famous revenge tragedy play, Hamlet, is an excellent illust ration of Shakespeare’s philosophical study of human nature. In Hamlet, the arguableRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare899 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, author of Hamlet, was a well-known author in the 1500s and is still popular today. He was born on April 24, 1564 in London, England. Although there were no birth records at that time, it shows he was baptized one year prior to that, which leads us to believe his birthday was in 1564 because children were normally baptized a year after their birth. Shakespeare’s writing style was very different than others at that time. He used many metaphors and rhetorical phrases, and most ofRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet, written by William Shakespeare, with out a doubt holds the most famous soliloquy in English history spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i, lines 57-90. 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Gertrude and the King married approximately a month or two after the funeral. At this point it’s not actually established what the cause of his actions is. Was Hamlet at fault for Polonius’sRead MoreHamlet And Hamlet By William Shakespeare2065 Words   |  9 Pages Every play has its own psychology and every author is a psychologist. Like many other plays, Hamlet is a very complex one. It includes various families and portrays their problems to one another. Some of these families with problems are: Hamlet and Claudius, Ophelia and Hamlet and Laertes and Hamlet. I am mentioning Hamlet in all of them, because Hamlet is the source of all the troubles that those families encounter. The problems the characters encounter can be real and the solutions are not practical

Financial Accounting AASB Framework

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Accounting for AASB Framework. Answer: Introduction In the given case study, Queenslander is guarantor for bank loan of an employee. The loan amount will be considered as liability for the company that needs to be paid if the employees default to pay the loan. According to the AASB framework liabilities are future sacrifices of the economic benefits than an organization is obliged to pay the liability amount (AASB 2, 2007). The liability amount should e recognized in the financial statements when it is probable that future sacrifices of the economic benefits would be required and the liability amount can be reliably measured. Therefore, the bank loan amount will be shown in the liability side of the balance sheet. The shares received by a company are to be presented in the balance sheet. Queenslander Ltd received 500 shares that are trading currently at $2 per share (Berk and DeMarzo, 2007). According to the AASB the balance sheet should include Number of authorized shares Number of shares paid and issued Par value of the shares Reconciliation of outstanding shares Shares in the company held by its associates or subsidiaries The company Queenslander Ltd has received 500 shares as a gift from a customer trading at $2 per share. The share amount will not be included in the financial statements as it is a gift given by the customer (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). The panoramic views of sunshine coast hinterland from cafes windows will help to attract large number of customers. The environment helps to attract customer and it will be consider as asset for the company (Godfrey and Chalmers, 2007). The cafe is the asset that helps to increase sales of the products and increase in profitability. Assets are the futures economic benefits that are controlled by the company. The assets should be recognized in the financial statements of the company only when it is probable that the economic benefits in future embodied in assets would eventuate and asset posses the cost that can be reliably measured (Hillier, 2010). The assets value shows the financial position of the company and ability of the company to pay off the obligations. In the given case study, the revaluation model has been adopted by the company for the measurement of machinery. The fair value of the machinery has not declined and the director argues that no depreciation expense should be recognized (Holton, 2012). According to AASB, noncurrent assets or fixed assets that have limited lives should be depreciated and to be shown in the balance sheet of the company. The depreciable amount of the assets should allocate on systematic basis over the useful life. The method of depreciation applied to the asset should reflect the patterns in which the future economic benefits of the assets are lost or consumed by the organization (Moles, 2011). The allocation of depreciable amount should recognize as the expense and also includes the carrying amount of the other assets. The estimation of the useful life of the depreciable asset should include the following factors: Expected physical tear and wear Legal limits on use of the asset Obsolescence The depreciation amount should be allocated from the time when the asset was first put into use. In the given case study, there has been no decline in the fair value of machinery and hence depreciation expense should be recognized. The fair value of machinery has not decreased which means that the value remains same (Oppermann, 2009). Therefore, it shows that the value of machinery remains same and there is no depreciation expense. The AASB standard defines that fair value is the price that will be received after the sale of the asset from a transaction between the market participants. Therefore, while measuring the fair value of the asset a company should take into account the nature of the asset. The depreciation expense is calculated on the fair value of the asset and if there is no difference in the fair value then it means that that there is no depreciation expense (Picker, 2009). The depreciation expense is shown in the income statement and the value of the asset is recorded in the asset side of the balance sheet. The depreciation expense shows the decrease in the value of asset. Therefore, the fair value of machinery does not decline which means there is no depreciation expense. The company sharks Ltd is growing rapidly in the market and has build its market reputation. Some of the investors have doubts about the organization as they are uneasy with the accounting policies adopted by the company. The cost of direct mailings, marketing costs and purchased customer list are shown as noncurrent assets. Therefore, it would be better for the company to mention the costs under intangible assets (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). Intangible assets are the assets that are not physical in nature. Companies frequently use resources and incur liabilities for the acquisition, enhancement and development of the intangible resources such as technical or scientific knowledge, implementation and design of new systems or processes, intellectual property, trademarks, intellectual property and licenses. The cost of direct mailing should be included in intangible asset as it is not physical in nature and would be considered as current asset not fixed asset (Wild, 2005). It will decre ase the risk of the company as because there is no guarantee that the customers would be acquired and retained from the direct mailing. The company has also purchased list of customers from competitors on July 4, 2016 for an amount of $800,000. It is also shown as noncurrent asset. The company estimates that the list will generate sales for another 2 years. There is a risk of generating sales for the company and it should not be included in the noncurrent assets (Wolf, 2008). The amount should be recognizing as intangible asset under current asset. The intangible can be turned and liquidated into cash. The marketing cost is also mentioned under the non current asset. The marketing cost does not ensure increase in sales or profitability of the company. Therefore, it should be included in the intangible assets and not in noncurrent assets. The marketing practices of the company can also be replicated easily and therefore it should be recognize as intangible asset. According to the AASB standards, intangible assets should be shown under current assets and it can be easily converted into cash. The intangible asset should be recognized only if there is a probability of expected economic benefits in future that are attributable to asset would flow to the organization and the assets cost can be reliably measures (Berk and DeMarzo, 2007). The recognition of the assets as intangible will help to solve the problems of the investors. In the given case study, Bird Ltd was responsible for the people who became ill due to the food poisoning from the product sold by the company. The liability for the legal damages should be shown in the balance sheet as at June 30, 2017. The liabilities are the obligations of the organization arising from the past events that is expected to result in the outflow from the organization of resources. The financial statements of the company have been published and it is important to recognize the legal damages in the liabilities account (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). The legal damages can be shown in the next accounting period as because the financial statement has already been released by the company. According to the AASB, the organizations have to prepare their financial statements at the end of the financial accounting year which shows the market value. The increase or decrease in liability will help the debt level of the company. The act was considered as a liability for the company a s because it leads to serious illness of 100 people in the event (Godfrey and Chalmers, 2007). The liabilities side in the balance sheet will show the legal damage and it will be represented in the next accounting year. According the AASB framework, liabilities are legal obligations for the companies that need to be paid by the company. The information was received after two week publication of the financial statements and it would not be altered. The financial statements should show the exact value of the company. Liabilities are the obligations that arise from past event and should be an outflow of the economic benefits. The increase in liabilities means increase in debt level of the company (Holton, 2012). The AASB framework explains the liabilities that to be shown in the balance sheet of financial statements. References AASB 2. (2007). Melbourne: Australian Accounting Standards Board. Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2007).Corporate finance. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Godfrey, J. and Chalmers, K. (2007).Globalisation of accounting standards. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Hillier, D. (2010).Corporate finance. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Moles, P. (2011).Corporate finance. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Oppermann, H. (2009).Accounting standards. Lansdowne: Juta. Picker, R. (2009).Australian accounting standards. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley Sons Australia, Ltd. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Wild, J. (2005).Financial accounting. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Wolf, M. (2008).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.